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Technical management at the forefront of the world's second largest economy has a solid foundation in engineering training
Since 1993, all presidents of China have a background in engineering. The high technical and academic standard has been maintained for more than three decades, a period in which the country has undergone intense industrialization, modernization and growth.
Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping: Three Engineers in Command
Jiang Zemin, president between 1993 and 2003, was electrical engineer graduated from the University National Chiao Tung. He served as Mayor of Shanghai and Minister of Industries before leading the country.
His successor, Hu Jintao, graduated in hydroelectric engineering from Tsinghua University, considered the best in China. He has had outstanding performance in infrastructure projects, including Three Gorges Power Plant, the largest hydroelectric plant in the world.
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Xi Jinping, current president, is chemical engineer, also a graduate of Tsinghua University. His management reinforced the commitment to its own technology and industrial independence.
Industrial growth driven by engineers
According to Anderson Correia, full professor and former Rector of ITA, during the last 32 years, under the leadership of Chinese presidents with engineering background, the country grew on average almost 10% per year. The growth was sustained by industrial and technological policies articulated by leaders with technical knowledge.
In addition to the presidency, engineering is valued at all levels of public management. Every year, China graduates 3,5 million professionals in the areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).
The contrast with Brazil
Brazil has never elected a president with a degree in engineering. Two engineers reached the position indirectly: Aureliano Chaves, as interim, and Itamar Franco, after the impeachment of Fernando Collor.
The contrast reveals differences in approach between countries. While China's presidents have a technical base and focus on industrial development, Brazil still lacks a culture of valuing technical training in senior public management.
