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Using the James Webb Telescope, astronomers have spotted an extremely rare and ancient galaxy, potentially connecting the universe's first stars with those we observe today, offering new clues about stellar evolution.
Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) made a discovery that has everything to change the understanding of the formation of the first galaxies in the universe. A galaxy called GS-NDG-9422, which is located approximately one billion years after the Big Bang, has been identified as a possible key player in galactic evolution, marking a possible “missing link” between the first generations of stars and modern galaxies.
Features of GS-NDG-9422
A GS-NDG-9422 stands out for its unusual characteristics, especially with regard to its stars and the behavior of the gas around you. The stars in this galaxy burn at temperatures of up to 80.000 degrees Celsius, nearly twice the temperature of stars found in the local universe.
This extreme heat is a feature that intrigues astronomers, as the exotic stars in the GS-NDG-9422 are bombarding the gas clouds surrounding them with enormous amounts of photons. This phenomenon causes the gas to outshine the very stars it surrounds, a feature rarely observed.
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These gas clouds, when heated by massive stars, produce a glow that obscures the direct view of these stars, something astronomers believe is common in galaxies that host the first generations of stars.
This discovery was described in the October issue of “Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society“, in which lead researcher Alex Cameron of the University of Oxford highlighted the strangeness of the data captured.
According to him, this is exactly the function of the Webb telescope: to reveal completely new and unknown phenomena that will help us understand the early phases of cosmic history.
The search for the first stars in the universe through the James Webb Telescope
The formation of the first stars in the universe has always been a mystery to scientists. They were formed from hydrogen and helium left over from the Big Bang, and are known as Population III stars.
These primordial stars were theoretically extremely large, bright and hot, but their existence is challenging to prove, since they burned out quickly and exploded in supernovae, dispersing heavier elements needed for the formation of subsequent generations of stars and planets.
The galaxy GS-NDG-9422 represents an important step towards understanding this phase of the early universe. Although its stars are incredibly hot, astronomers have confirmed that they do not belong to Population III, as JWST data reveal the presence of elements other than hydrogen and helium, indicating greater chemical complexity.
Harley Katz, a cosmologist at the University of Oxford, says the stars in GS-NDG-9422, while different from those we know, could provide crucial clues about how the universe transitioned from the first stars to modern galaxies.
Implications of the discovery for astronomy
This discovery opens up new possibilities for exploring the early universe. Because light travels at a fixed speed in a vacuum, the further we look, the further back in time we can see. By observing the light from this galaxy, scientists are seeing events that occurred billions of years ago, near the beginning of the formation of the cosmos.
The Webb telescope, with its unprecedented ability to detect infrared light, is allowing astronomers to glimpse previously unexplored regions and epochs of the universe.
This discovery marks just the beginning of a series of new revelations. The search for more galaxies like GS-NDG-9422 will continue, in the hope of discovering how common these exotic stars are and how they shaped the evolution of galaxies.
According to Cameron, this is a “very exciting time” for astronomy, and the James Webb Telescope is just beginning to show its potential to unlock the mysteries of the early universe.
In short, GS-NDG-9422 is more than just a distant galaxy — it is a key piece in the puzzle of cosmic history, helping to explain how the universe evolved from the first glowing stars to the galaxies we know today.
Parabéns excelente materia
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seria muito top se voltasse o tempo,queria que fosse retroceder em 2011