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Engineers are modeling the challenges of the power grid to enable electric vehicles to be charged on the move. Is this revolutionary technology feasible?
The growing adoption of electric vehicles is transforming urban mobility, driven by the search for sustainable solutions and the reduction of carbon emissions. However, one of the main challenges faced by drivers is the “range anxiety” — the fear of running out of battery before finding a charging point.
To mitigate this problem, engineers are developing roads equipped with dynamic charging technology, allowing vehicles to recharge while in motion.
This promising solution, known as Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT), promises to revolutionize the sector, but brings significant challenges to the demand on the electrical grid.
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What is Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT)?
The DWPT system consists of embedding transmitter coils into road surfaces, which wirelessly transfer power to EVs equipped with receivers compatible.
This method would allow longer journeys without the need for frequent stops for recharging, reducing dependence on fixed stations and improving the efficiency of electric transport.
Currently, most EVs rely on charging at public stations or home outlets. However, home chargers are relatively slow and increase residential electricity demand, while public infrastructure is still limited in many regions.
The implementation of DWPT extension could solve these problems, but its viability depends on a detailed understanding of the impacts on the electrical grid.
Challenges for energy infrastructure
The main concern regarding DWPT is the unpredictable increase in electricity demand. Since vehicles move continuously and in varying volumes, it is necessary to predict how consumption will be distributed along the roads and how the grid will be able to meet this demand without overloading.
A study led by the University of Texas at El Paso, published in IEEE Access, proposes a new mathematical method for modeling load demand: modified Toeplitz convolution (mCONV).
This approach allows analyzing different scenarios, considering variables such as traffic flow, vehicle types and distance traveled, providing a basis for strategic decisions on the expansion of charging infrastructure.
Impacts on the adoption of electric vehicles
With global EV sales expected to reach 7,2 million by 2030, the deployment of DWPT highways could further accelerate this transition.
Eliminating “range anxiety” would increase consumer confidence, boosting sales and encouraging governments and businesses to invest in more efficient infrastructure.
However, it is essential to ensure that the implementation of DWPT does not compromise the stability of the power grid.
As a result, energy utilities and government authorities need to carefully assess the impacts and develop solutions to balance electricity supply and demand.
The future of charging on the go
The next steps toward DWPT adoption involve large-scale testing and collaboration between engineers, regulators, and industry players.
In the long term, advances in wireless transmission technology and battery efficiency could make this solution even more viable, helping to shape a future where EVs can operate more independently and sustainably.
With proper planning and investment in research, dynamic charging can redefine the electric vehicle market, enabling more efficient and accessible transportation for all.
If you want to keep up with these innovations and understand how they impact the future of mobility, continue exploring studies and solutions that are shaping this ever-evolving sector.
With information ieeexplore.
