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Study Reveals That France, Russia and Romania Will Be the Countries Most Affected by Heat Waves in Europe by 2100, Temperatures May Exceed 36.80°C with Frequent Extreme Events and Climate Change Surprises Experts
Heat records are becoming increasingly common in Europe. The continent has been recording extreme temperatures more frequently, indicating an accelerated transformation of the climate in recent decades.
Recent data shows that 2025 was the third hottest year ever recorded in Europe, with March being the hottest month in the continent’s history. The average annual temperature reached 10.41°C, about 1.17°C above the average recorded between 1991 and 2020.
The increase in temperatures is already altering traditional climate patterns. Regions known for their moderate climate may face profound changes by the end of the century.
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Experts warn that the European climate may become much hotter, with intense heat waves becoming part of daily life.
Regions of Europe Recorded Record Temperatures in 2025
Various areas of the continent recorded exceptional heat throughout 2025.
Among the regions with record temperatures are the Eastern North Atlantic, the North Sea region, northern Great Britain, parts of Scandinavia, the southwest Mediterranean, and the far west of Russia.
These data show that warming is not restricted to southern Europe. The phenomenon is spreading to regions that historically had milder temperatures.
The outcome surprised experts because colder areas began to record heat extremes more frequently.
France May Face Up to 5 Heat Waves Per Year by 2100
Projections indicate that France will be the most vulnerable country to heat waves in Europe by the end of the century.
Estimates suggest that the country could record up to five heat waves per year, totaling about 115 days of extreme heat.
Average temperatures may reach 37°C, with the possibility of nearly four months of the year under heat wave conditions.
The impact could completely transform the traditionally moderate climate of the country.
Russia and Eastern Europe Appear as New Centers of Extreme Heat
Russia ranks as the second most affected country by heat waves.
Projections indicate average temperatures of up to 37.99°C, with highs that can reach 39.71°C. The country may face two heat waves per year.
Warming may drastically alter the historically cold climate of Russian territory.
Eastern Europe emerges as an unexpected center of extreme heat.
Romania ranks third, followed by Moldova in fourth and Bulgaria in fifth place.
Romania and Moldova may record three annual heat waves, with an accumulated duration of about 17 days each.
Bulgaria may face two heat waves per year, with about 14 accumulated days.
Mediterranean Countries Show Greater Resilience Than Expected
Contrary to what many imagined, the traditionally warm Mediterranean countries do not lead the vulnerability ranking.
Turkey ranks sixth, with a forecast of one heat wave per year and about 13 accumulated days, with average temperatures close to 37.76°C.
Greece ranks seventh. The country may record two annual heat waves, with about 20 accumulated days and average temperatures close to 36.92°C.
Italy comes in only at tenth place, with a forecast of one annual heat wave with about nine accumulated days.
This result drew attention because it shows a greater climate resilience than expected in historically warm regions.
Heat Waves May Increase Health Risks in Europe
The rise in temperatures brings direct impacts on the population.
According to health experts, heat stress is the leading cause of weather-related deaths.
Extreme heat can exacerbate cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, mental health issues, and asthma.
High temperatures can also increase the risk of accidents and promote the spread of some infectious diseases.
Experts warn that the increase in heat waves could test the resilience of urban infrastructure, health systems, and European ways of life in the coming decades.
The rapid transformation of the European climate draws attention because it shows that historically moderate regions may frequently face temperatures exceeding 36.80°C by 2100, indicating profound changes in the environment and in the lives of populations.
Do you believe that heat waves will change the way of life in European cities in the coming decades? Share your opinion in the comments.
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