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Scientific Study Reveals The Genetic Origin, Diversity, Behavior, And Health Risks of The Caramel Mixed Breed, A Cultural Symbol Present In All Regions of Brazil
A major scientific discovery has placed the Brazilian caramel mixed breed at the center of national canine genetics. For the first time, the DNA of this symbolic dog has been broadly analyzed. The investigation allowed the identification of ancestry, genetic diversity, physical characteristics, behavior, and recurring health risks.
The survey was conducted throughout 2024, as part of the Caramelo: Brazilian Cultural Heritage campaign. The initiative was developed by PEDIGREE. The work was carried out in partnership with geneticists from DNA Pets. In total, 305 caramel mixed breed dogs from all regions of Brazil had their genetic material analyzed. The study created the most complete scientific database ever produced on Mixed Breed dogs in the country.
Genetic Investigation Explains The Origin of The Brazilian Caramel
Before the standardization of modern breeds, dogs were shaped by specific human functions. These functions included guarding, herding, hunting, and companionship. Over time, these selections led to the creation of more than 400 recognized breeds. Nevertheless, the caramel mixed breed followed a distinct genetic path. This path resulted from breedings accumulated over many generations.
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Thus, small variations in DNA, known as SNPs, record this continuous genetic mixing. Although appearance varies, the DNA reveals a consistent genetic foundation. According to researchers, this foundation explains the distinctive identity of the caramel mixed breed.
How The Genetic Study Was Conducted
The research followed recognized technical protocols, ensuring the reliability of the results:
• Saliva Collection from The Animals
• Reading of Nearly 65,000 Genetic Markers
• Comparison with Canine Genetic Databases
• Identification of Ancestry and Genetic Variants Associated With Health
In this way, the data allowed for unprecedented analyses of Mixed Breed dogs in Brazil.
Surprising Result Connects Brazil From North to South
The tests showed that the genetic foundation of the caramel mixed breed is uniform throughout the national territory. Despite regional differences, the caramels share a similar genetic composition. This composition has been shaped by urbanization, population displacements, and adoptions over the decades.
In addition, the study identified the breeds with the highest genetic contribution. Among them are German Shepherd (19.9%), American Pit Bull Terrier (13.6%), and Pekingese (11.7%). Also included are German Spitz (10%), Spanish Greyhound (8.7%), and Labrador Retriever (7.7%). Completing the list are Swiss White Shepherd (7.5%), Dutch Shepherd (7.4%), Spanish Water Dog (7%), and Boxer (6.5%).
This genetic combination helps to explain the versatility, adaptability, and balanced temperament of the Brazilian caramel mixed breed.
Physical Profile, Behavior, and Regional Variations
The scientific analysis defined the “basic kit” of the caramel. It includes medium size, short coat, and fawn color. The profile also features medium to long snout and upright or semi-upright ears. The observation of the 305 animals revealed four recurring physical profiles. These profiles are associated with different regions of the country.
In terms of behavior, moderate energy, high sociability, and stable temperament are highlighted. These characteristics are widely observed by pet owners and researchers.
Genetic Diversity Reduces Risks of Hereditary Diseases
Of the 152 health genetic variants analyzed, only 21% of the animals showed any alteration. Most were merely carriers, without a tendency to develop the disease throughout their lives. According to a technical report released in 2024, the wide genetic diversity reduces the risk of severe hereditary diseases. This risk is higher in purebred dogs.
Degenerative Myelopathy was the most frequently observed genetic alteration. The condition is associated with herding breeds that contributed to the genetic makeup of caramels in Brazil.
In light of this data, science confirms what Brazilians have always observed. The caramel mixed breed is resilient, balanced, and deeply adapted to the country. Now, this perception has scientific proof.
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