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Negative temperature surprises in the final stretch of March and puts park in national leadership of cold, highlighting extreme scenario in one of the highest regions of the Southeast and reinforcing unusual climatic patterns in the country
Brazil recorded an episode of intense cold in the month of March, surprising experts and drawing the attention of those monitoring the climatic behavior in the country. On the morning of this Monday (23), the National Park of Itatiaia recorded the lowest temperature in the entire national territory, reaching an impressive -0.4°C.
This record occurred in the region of the Spring of the Campo Belo River, one of the highest points known for concentrating extremely low temperatures within the reserve. The data reinforces not only the strength of the cold in the location but also positions it as one of the main poles of low temperatures in Brazil.
Furthermore, the information was released by official data from the park itself, with measurements taken by equipment strategically positioned in areas of higher altitude and exposure to harsh weather, which increases the accuracy of the records.
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Measurement at 5:26 AM puts Itatiaia at the top of the national ranking and highlights the region as the epicenter of cold in Brazil
According to the National Park of Itatiaia (PNI), the minimum of -0.4°C was recorded exactly at 5:26 AM by a thermometer installed at the Campo Belo weather station, located on the border between the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.
This station is recognized for being in one of the coldest regions of the entire park, precisely due to its high altitude and proximity to the spring of the Campo Belo River, characteristics that favor a sharp drop in temperatures, especially during the early morning.
With this record, the park took 1st place in the ranking of lowest daily temperatures in Brazil, a survey conducted by WS Climatological Consulting, a company that maintains a partnership with the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet).
Shortly after, around 6 AM, the temperature rose slightly again, marking -0.3°C, which still secured the park the second position in the national ranking at that moment. In other words, even with the slight increase, the region continued to dominate the coldest positions in the country.
History of extreme cold reinforces the park’s position among the coldest places in the country
In addition to the daily highlight, the National Park of Itatiaia also ranks among the coldest of the year in the annual ranking of WS Climatological Consulting, occupying the 3rd position among the lowest temperatures recorded in 2026.
This performance is not by chance. According to historical data from the PNI itself, the lowest temperature ever recorded in March in the reserve was even more extreme: -1.9°C, a mark reached in 2016.
In other words, although the current record is already considered very low by Brazilian standards, it still does not surpass the historical record of the location, which highlights the climatic potential of the region for even more severe temperatures.
Moreover, the climatic behavior in the park is directly related to its geographical characteristics. Located in the Serra da Mantiqueira, Itatiaia combines ideal conditions for the formation of intense cold, such as high altitude, mountainous terrain, and low urban interference.
First national park in Brazil combines altitude, terrain, and strategic location that favor extreme temperatures
The National Park of Itatiaia has significant historical and environmental importance. Established in June 1937, it was the first national park in Brazil, according to information from the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio).
Located in the Serra da Mantiqueira, the park extends between the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, near the border with São Paulo. Its boundaries encompass municipalities such as Itatiaia and Resende (RJ), as well as Itamonte and Bocaina de Minas (MG).
Initially, the park covered about 12,000 hectares. However, in September 1982, this area was expanded to approximately 28,000 hectares, consolidating its environmental and geographical relevance.
Another highlight is the Pico das Agulhas Negras, which reaches an impressive altitude of 2,791.5 meters, making it the fifth highest point in Brazil. This characteristic further reinforces the region’s potential to record negative temperatures, especially during clear sky nights with low humidity.
In light of this scenario, the cold recorded this Monday not only confirms the strength of the out-of-season winter but also reinforces the role of the National Park of Itatiaia as one of the coldest and most emblematic regions in the country when it comes to extreme climate.
Source: G1
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