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Proposal Simplifies Validation and Expands Legal Security in Rural Areas, with Defined Deadlines and Objective Criteria
On Tuesday, October 14, 2025, the Senate Foreign Relations and National Defense Committee (CRE) approved the ratification of the sale and concession of Union lands.
The States will be able to sell or grant Union lands in border areas, according to Bill 4,497/2024, reported by Senator Tereza Cristina (PP-MS).
The text will proceed for analysis by the Agriculture Commission (CRA), and thus advances another important stage in the Senate.
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According to the rapporteur, the initiative simplifies the validation of real estate registrations and expands legal security for those who occupy and produce in these regions.
What the Text Changes and Why
The project, authored by Deputy Tião Medeiros (PP-PR), alters the Public Records Law and Law 13,178, of 2015.
In this way, the new model corrects old flaws in the records, caused by the alienation of vacant Union lands without approval from the National Security Council.
Moreover, the model replaces bureaucratic requirements with a simpler and more functional process, reducing costs and administrative deadlines.
The State will remain able to act when the social function is not fulfilled, ensuring greater control over the use of rural areas.
According to Tereza Cristina, the project brings stability to producers and ensures security for the State, by defining clear criteria and deadlines for land regularization.
Automatic Ratification and Validation Deadlines
The text provides that rural property registrations in border areas registered by October 23, 2015 will have automatic ratification upon proof of the social function.
The interested party must present the CCIR (Certificate of Rural Property Registration), which will prove the productive use of the land and exempt other documents.
This measure reduces bureaucracy and accelerates the work of rural notaries, reinforcing the transparency and efficiency of the process.
For areas larger than 2,500 hectares, the National Congress will decide on the validation and will have two years to express itself.
If there is no decision within that period, the act will be considered automatically approved, which will bring immediate legal security.
Request for Ratification and Social Function
The project stipulates that the request for ratification may occur up to 15 years after the law comes into force, ensuring predictability.
After the registration, the INCRA (National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform) will verify compliance with the social function of rural property.
When there is non-compliance, the property will be expropriated without compensation, as the owner will lose the right to regularization.
Thus, the compliance with the social function becomes the main pillar of the proposed land model.
Georeferencing: Criteria, Dates, and Protection for Small Farmers
The text also updates deadlines and rules for georeferencing, that is, the mapping of coordinates and limits of rural properties.
The measure will become mandatory for all transfers of rural property from December 31, 2028.
For areas up to four fiscal modules, whose value is defined by INCRA in each municipality, there will be a differentiated deadline.
The deadline will begin four years after the publication of the norm that exempts small producers from the costs of the georeferencing process.
Thus, small farmers will not immediately bear extra expenses, which increases inclusion in the national land system.
Stability, Clarity, and Legal Security
According to Tereza Cristina, the project brings stability and security by defining objective and clear criteria for land regularization in border areas.
The text replaces unnecessary requirements with a simpler and more feasible system, which recognizes the good faith of owners and reinforces responsible state action.
Moreover, the proposal maintains transparency, efficiency, and social control, allowing state action only when the social function is not fulfilled.
In summary, the initiative reconciles administrative simplification and legal rigor, eliminating steps that are not directly related to land regularization.
Sugiro ao Órgão responsável pela elaboração do georreferenciamento que adote medidas que os documentos a serem exigidos pelos cartórios não tenham vencimento e nem atraso na documentação de terrenos rurais, pois tem muitos casos que não dependem dos proprietários, exemplo: inventários, tem que correr atrás de documentos no Fórum sem saber da situação dosconfrontantes, assinaturas de confrontantes ” moram até em outros países”, um monte de exigências do DNIT quando se trata de rodovias e ferrovias, levam tempo para analisar a documentação e etc. muitos não vão conseguir cumprir os prazos dos cartorios, pois arruma um e o outro vence, e vem taxa de atraso e volta tudo na estaca zero.
Aaaa…abriram a caixa de ferramentas do Estado em favor de legalizar terra grilada… daquelas as quais, os supostos de direitos nem nunca adentraram, nem sabem exatamente onde fica… Triste Brasil.