From bird strikes to minimum takeoff speed, planes undergo intensive testing before being approved for commercial use.
In the world of aviation, safety is an absolute priority. Before a plane is sold to airlines, it goes through aseries of rigorous tests to guarantee its integrity and functionality. From bird strikes to aborted takeoff tests, every aspect is meticulously scrutinized.
Testing with a scale model
One of the most important tests carried out by aviation engineers is with scale models. At Boeing's test facility, for example, model planes are placed in a special wind tunnel to test various aerodynamic conditions. These models are incredibly accurate, with functional components and perfectly scaled aerodynamics, helping to identify potential problems.
Takeoff rejection test
A crucial test is the “rejected take-off” (RTO), where the pilot must abort the takeoff, during this test, the pilots apply the brakes with full force while the plane is already exceeding 200 miles per hour. This procedure, although extremely challenging, is vital to ensure the safety of the plane in emergency situations.
Bird strike tests
Engineers also conduct tests to mitigate damage from bird strikes, a common problem that can cause significant damage to civilian and military aircraft. Turbines and windows, the most common targets of these collisions, are reinforced to withstand the impact.
VMU (Velocity Minimum Unstick) Test
Another fundamental test is the VMU, carried out to determine the minimum takeoff speed of an aircraft. This test is crucial to ensure that the plane's tail does not hit the ground during takeoff. A Airbus, for example, documented one of these tests, emphasizing its importance for aviation safety.
The results of these tests are essential not only for the approval of new aircraft models by ANAC, but also influence the purchasing decisions of private aviation companies, such as ITA. With the tests, it is ensured that the flights are safe and comfortable for passengers and crew.
