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Scientists Discover 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica

Written by Fabio Lucas Carvalho

Published on 10/01/2025 at 18:54

Updated on 10/01/2025 at 18:57

Science and Technology

Crédito da imagem: Scoto©PNRA/IPEV

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Researchers Discovered 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica, Providing a Unique Insight into Earth’s Ancient Climate and Giving Critical Clues to Understand Climate Changes Throughout the Planet’s History

Scientists from the Beyond EPICA – Oldest Ice project achieved an extraordinary feat by drilling 2,800 meters into the ice of Antarctica, obtaining a core that records Earth’s climate from up to 1.2 million years ago.

This unprecedented discovery was made at Little Dome C, a remote area on the frozen continent. This significantly advances our knowledge of the planet’s climatic history.

The obtained data promises to deepen our understanding of climate changes over millions of years.

ARTICLE CONTINUES BELOW

Why Are Ice Cores Valuable?

Each layer of ice in Antarctica is like a time capsule, preserving atmospheric particles, gases, and isotopic compositions from when it formed.

These samples provide clues about temperatures, carbon dioxide levels, and past climate events.

The team found up to 13,000 years compressed into just one meter of ice, creating an extremely detailed record.

“This ice core contains a high-resolution climate record dating back 1.2 million years,” explained Julien Westhoff, the chief scientist in the field and postdoc at the University of Copenhagen.

The Drilling Challenge

The work required more than 200 days of continuous effort in extreme conditions on the Antarctic plateau.

The area where the drilling took place is located 3,200 meters above sea level, with average summer temperatures of -35°C.

The location and hostile climate conditions made the project complex, both technically and logistically.

The choice of site was crucial. Cutting-edge equipment, such as radar echo sondes and advanced ice flow models, helped the team identify the ideal point for drilling.

Challenging Logistics

Transporting the samples is a critical phase of the project. The extracted ice must be kept at a temperature of -50 °C to preserve its characteristics. For this, the samples will be taken to Europe aboard the icebreaker Laura Bassi.

According to Gianluca Bianchi Fasani, head of logistics at ENEA for the project, maintaining the cold chain is an extremely challenging operation.

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Scientists Discover 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica

Researchers Discovered 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica, Providing a Unique Insight into Earth’s Ancient Climate and Giving Critical Clues to Understand Climate Changes Throughout the Planet’s History

Why Are Ice Cores Valuable?

The Drilling Challenge

Challenging Logistics

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Scientists Discover 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica

Researchers Discovered 1.2 Million-Year-Old Ice in the Depths of Antarctica, Providing a Unique Insight into Earth’s Ancient Climate and Giving Critical Clues to Understand Climate Changes Throughout the Planet’s History

Why Are Ice Cores Valuable?

The Drilling Challenge

Challenging Logistics

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Brazil will harvest a record crop of up to 357 million tons of grains, but it does not have the capacity to store a large part of it. The storage deficit has reached the highest level in history and is equivalent to almost the entire production of Argentina.

Four times faster than the Concorde, capable of taking passengers from New York to London in less than an hour at Mach 5.5, and with an engine that switches from turbojet to ramjet mid-flight at Mach 3.5, the Hermeus Quarterhorse went from paper to its first flight in just 19 months.

Under nearly 2 kilometers of ice in Antarctica, scientists have discovered an ancient landscape sculpted by rivers up to 60 million years ago, the size of Wales, preserved as a time capsule that could help predict the advance of ice towards the ocean.

She started by collecting oyster shells from restaurants and today she has already accumulated more than 10 tons to restore reefs, recover coastal habitats, and demonstrate how a common waste can become a tool for ocean conservation.

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