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Researchers in South Korea have developed the world's first 2.0 ammonia engine, promising a clean and efficient alternative.
The search for energy solutions sustainable development has led companies and governments to invest a lot of money in new technologies, and one of the most promising is 2.0 engine using ammonia as a renewable and carbon-free energy source.
This technological advancement represents a milestone for the energy sector, offering a viable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
But what would Ammonia be? Ammonia (NH₃) is a chemical compound formed by one nitrogen atom (N) and three hydrogen atoms (H). It is a colorless gas, with a pungent and characteristic odor, highly soluble in water, forming an alkaline solution called ammonia solution (ammonium hydroxide – NH₄OH).
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What is an Ammonia engine?
Powered by Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), the ammonia engine is capable of directly injecting this compound into the combustion chamber at high pressure.
This innovative technology allows efficient combustion, without CO² emissions, and can be applied in various sectors, such as transportation and industrial power generation.
Direct injection technology
The big difference with this engine is its injection capacity. ammonia high-pressure liquid, overcoming previous challenges such as instability in power production and harmful emissions.
This system ensures a stable and large-volume supply, without the need for additional devices to improve combustion.
Benefits of Ammonia Engine
The introduction of this engine brings a series of significant advantages, including:
- Highest power: The use of pure ammonia ensures optimized performance.
- Improved thermal efficiency: The technology allows for better use of the energy generated.
- Lower pollutant emissions: The aftertreatment system significantly reduces the emission of NOx and unburned ammonia.
- Sustainability: By not emitting CO², the engine contributes to reducing the carbon footprint.
The operation of the engine
The engine works in a similar way to conventional engines, with technological differences that optimize its performance.
Liquid ammonia is injected under high pressure into the combustion chamber, where it is mixed with air and ignited by a spark, generating mechanical energy. This makes it possible to move vehicles and vessels in a clean and efficient manner.
Sustainability and Ammonia as an Energy Source
Ammonia stands out as a sustainable solution due to its absence of CO² emissions during combustion.
Furthermore, it can be stored and transported more easily and safely compared to hydrogen, making it a practical option for industrial and mobility applications.
Comparison with other technologies
Compared to other renewable energy sources, ammonia stands out for:
- Ease of storage: It can be stored at room temperature, unlike hydrogen, which requires extreme conditions.
- Availability: The global ammonia production infrastructure is already well established.
- Versatility of use: It can be used in land, sea and air transport, as well as industrial applications.
According to Dr. Cheolwoong Park of KIMM, this innovation represents a major leap forward for ammonia engines, introducing a new concept in energy systems. Dr. Seungwoo Lee of Hyundai Motor and Kia says that this technology could solve challenges related to transportation and production of green hydrogen.
As a result, ammonia can play a central role in the global energy transition, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and contributing to a cleaner, more sustainable future.
Ammonia engine applications
This technology can be used in several sectors, such as:
- Road transport: Passenger and commercial vehicles can benefit from high efficiency and zero carbon emissions.
- Maritime sector: Ammonia-powered ships could significantly reduce pollutant emissions into the oceans.
- Aviation: Aircraft engines using ammonia could revolutionize the aerospace industry.
- Industrial Power Generation: Power plants can use ammonia as a safe and efficient energy source.
Although the ammonia engine brings numerous advantages, some challenges need to be overcome, such as:
- Handling safety: Ammonia is toxic and requires special care.
- Supply infrastructure: It will be necessary to develop a network of stations for efficient supply.
- Efficiency at high speeds: Adaptation for high-performance applications is still under development.
Therefore, investments in research and development are essential to further improve this technology.
And what about the cost?
Does it use oil to produce ammonia…?
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