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Scientists at Jilin University challenge long-held theories about lunar formation by identifying graphene on the Moon in samples returned by the Chang'e-5 probe.
China discovers graphene on the Moon? Recently, Chinese researchers from Jilin University made a new breakthrough in understanding the mineral composition of lunar soil. Analyzing samples brought by Chang'e-5 probe, they identified for the first time the presence of graphene on the Moon in its natural form and in a few layers. This discovery could transform our understanding of lunar geological evolution and influence future space exploration plans, especially in the context of the use of local resources on the Moon's surface.
Presence of graphene on the Moon has major implications for space exploration
Analysis of Chang'e-5 Samples
In December 2020, the Chinese probe Chang'e-5 brought samples of lunar soil to Earth. The analysis of these samples, as reported by the South China Morning Post newspaper, revealed the presence of few-layer graphene, a form of graphene composed of two to ten layers.
This discovery was confirmed by a team of scientists from Jilin University using a technique called Raman spectroscopy, which allows non-destructive chemical analysis of materials.
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The identification of graphene on the Moon has major implications for space exploration. Graphene is known for its exceptional properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, mechanical strength and flexibility. The presence of the material could also offer a local source of advanced materials for future lunar missions, reducing dependence on resources brought from Earth.
Challenges to existing theories
The discovery of graphene on the Moon also challenges the prevailing theory that the Moon was formed after a small planet collided with Earth. Known as the Giant Impact Theory, this premise suggests that the Moon is poor in carbon, based on initial analyzes of samples from the Apollo missions. However, the presence of natural graphene suggests that a carbon capture process may have occurred on the Moon, leading to the gradual accumulation of native carbon.
The researchers suggest that the graphene found may have formed due to the impact of the solar wind on the lunar surface and ancient volcanic eruptions. This hypothesis is reinforced by the presence of pure “native carbon”, which could challenge the idea that most of the carbon on the Moon was the result of meteorites. Future studies on the properties of natural graphene on the Moon could offer more information about the geological evolution of Earth's natural satellite.
Potential applications of graphene on the Moon
The discovery of graphene on the Moon opens up new possibilities for using local resources in future lunar missions. The material can be used in building structures, producing advanced electronics and power systems due to its exceptional properties. The possibility of producing graphene directly on the Moon could considerably reduce the costs and complexity of space missions, making them more sustainable.
The ability to explore and utilize advanced materials like graphene on the Moon could also have an impact on long-term space exploration. As humanity expands its presence in space, efficient utilization of local resources will be crucial to mission success. The discovery of natural graphene represents an important step in this direction, providing new opportunities for space science and technology.
Understand what graphene is
Graphene is a crystalline form of carbon, composed of a single layer of atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. This material stands out for its exceptional properties: it is extremely light, with high mechanical resistance, flexibility and the ability to conduct electricity and heat efficiently.
Discovered in 2004, graphene revolutionized several areas of science and technology due to its versatility. Its applications range from electronics, such as transistors and batteries, to composite materials and biomedical devices. The discovery of graphene on the Moon suggests new possibilities for the use of advanced materials in future space missions.
