Even With Advances in Brazil, World Still Relies 85% on Fossil Fuels and Urgent Acceleration of Energy Transition Is Needed

Written by Romário Pereira de Carvalho

Published on 22/05/2025 at 10:24

Updated on 22/05/2025 at 10:25

Imagem: IA

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With The Advancement of Solar Energy, Brazil Surpasses 50% of Renewables in 2024, While The World Still Relies Heavily on Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas

The energy transition has entered the Brazilian debate. The goal is clear: reduce global warming and curb extreme climate events, which primarily affect the poorest. The main cause of global warming is the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which trap more heat in the atmosphere.

Fossil Fuels Still Dominate The World

Globally, fossil fuels — oil and coal — are the main emitters of GHGs. These resources took over a hundred million years to form and, despite still being widely used, should have more noble and prolonged uses. Their burning occurs both in production and in energy consumption.

According to 2022 data from the Energy Research Company (EPE), 85.6% of the global energy matrix is still composed of non-renewable sources.

ARTICLE CONTINUES BELOW

China Leads In Emissions And Also In Renewables

China, the world’s largest emitter of GHGs, is also a leader in renewable energy generation and electric vehicle production. Coal, widely used for electricity generation, continues to be a main player in several countries, including in Europe.

In 2023 and 2024, despite advancements, the global matrix continues to be dominated by fossil sources.

Brazil Advances And Changes The Scenario In 2024

In Brazil, the situation is different. Most GHG emissions come from wildfires and deforestation (about 45%), followed by agriculture (25%). In cities, oil derivatives dominate urban emissions, harming the health and quality of life of the population.

The Brazilian energy matrix in 2023 showed 50.9% of non-renewable sources — oil, coal, natural gas, and nuclear. The negative highlight was the low usage of natural gas, especially in the South, where the lack of pipelines limits supply since the times when Brazil only imported gas from Bolivia.

Renewable sources accounted for 49.1%: hydropower, sugarcane derivatives, firewood, charcoal, solar, wind, and biomass. In 2024, this ratio flipped, with renewables exceeding 50% for the first time, driven by the growth of photovoltaic solar energy.

Transition Is Still Slow And Requires Global Commitments

The shift to clean sources, however, remains slow. Modern life depends on large volumes of energy, and oil still holds a central position. It is necessary for all countries to make firm commitments to accelerate the replacement of oil and coal with sustainable sources.

Petrobras, for example, already presents itself as an energy company and can lead the transformation in Brazil. As long as there is global demand for oil, exploration will continue, but profits should be used to invest in the transition.

Coal also needs a just transition. Workers and regions dependent on the activity must have time and support to migrate to other areas. In addition, coal can be utilized for other purposes, such as in the production of fertilizers.

Electricity Is The Way

Electricity is seen as the main alternative to fossil fuels. It depends on other sources to be generated, and this will be the focus of the next discussion. What is already known: the future of energy is clean and renewable — and Brazil has started to pave this path.

With information from Brasil de Fato.

Even With Advances in Brazil, World Still Relies 85% on Fossil Fuels and Urgent Acceleration of Energy Transition Is Needed

With The Advancement of Solar Energy, Brazil Surpasses 50% of Renewables in 2024, While The World Still Relies Heavily on Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas

Fossil Fuels Still Dominate The World

China Leads In Emissions And Also In Renewables

Brazil Advances And Changes The Scenario In 2024

Transition Is Still Slow And Requires Global Commitments

Electricity Is The Way

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Even With Advances in Brazil, World Still Relies 85% on Fossil Fuels and Urgent Acceleration of Energy Transition Is Needed

With The Advancement of Solar Energy, Brazil Surpasses 50% of Renewables in 2024, While The World Still Relies Heavily on Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas

Fossil Fuels Still Dominate The World

China Leads In Emissions And Also In Renewables

Brazil Advances And Changes The Scenario In 2024

Transition Is Still Slow And Requires Global Commitments

Electricity Is The Way

A Chinese factory in Guangdong is assembling a humanoid robot every 30 minutes while Tesla, Figure, and Boston Dynamics still struggle to deliver 10 thousand per year.

Elon Musk’s internet comes to mobile: Starlink technology connects smartphones without an antenna via satellite, works even without carrier signal, already costs just US$10 extra in the US, and could arrive in Brazil as an included benefit.

In Niger, mud buildings have stood for ten generations while the world spends billions on concrete and steel, now African architects are proving at the Venice Biennale and in real projects that red earth can be the smartest and most sustainable building material of the 21st century.

Seven world powers including the US, China, and Russia are spending €22 billion on a reactor in the south of France that aims to confine plasma at 150 million degrees Celsius, ten times the temperature of the Sun’s core, using a magnetic field capable of lifting an entire aircraft carrier.

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