An extratropical cyclone forms on the southern coast of Brazil and brings gusty winds, heavy rains, and a drop in temperature from Rio Grande do Sul to Santa Catarina throughout the week.

Written by Carla Teles

Published on 20/04/2026 at 15:25

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Extratropical cyclone causes heavy rains, wind gusts, and cold front with temperature drop in several states in southern Brazil this week

An extratropical cyclone is organizing off the southern coast of Brazil and will dominate the week with heavy rains, wind gusts of up to 80 km/h, and a sharp change in weather for those living in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. Numerical weather prediction models have already confirmed the process, and the effects began to be felt as early as this Monday, April 20.

What stands out is not only the strength of the system but its duration. The impacts are expected to extend from Monday to Friday, affecting the eastern coast of Santa Catarina, the mountainous region, and a large part of the gaucho territory. All of this occurs while the rest of central Brazil still suffocates under a heat bubble, creating a rare and concerning climatic dichotomy.

How the cyclone is forming

It all starts with a sharp drop in atmospheric pressure over Uruguay, Argentina, and Rio Grande do Sul. This scenario favors what meteorologists call cyclogenesis, that is, the birth of an organized cyclonic system.

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Heavy rains, day by day, what to expect at each moment

Monday and Tuesday mark the beginning of the system’s organization. Storms, wind gusts, and rains are already appearing on the border between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, with elevated risk especially in the Porto Alegre region.

On Wednesday, April 22, the cyclone is already consolidated offshore, but its influence over the gaucho territory is intense. The air fronts advance and the heavy rains can be significant across the entire region.

Thursday is pointed out as one of the most critical days of the week. The cold front advances with strength, dropping temperatures in the gaucho and catarinense mountains and pushing a corridor of humidity that reaches up to Paraguay. This is when the change in weather becomes more noticeable for most people.

Even on Friday, remnants of the system still act on the coast of Santa Catarina and the gaucho coast, maintaining the risk of rains and atmospheric instability.

Temperature drop and impact on the mountains

One of the most anticipated effects is the arrival of cold air in the mountainous region between Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Temperatures are expected to drop more significantly in this area, providing relief for those already suffering from the heat, but also posing a risk for those who do not prepare for the change.

The system, however, is not expected to lower temperatures in the more central regions of Brazil. The heat bubble remains strong in the Midwest and part of the Southeast, reinforcing the climatic contrast that marks this autumn of 2026.

Rough seas and risks for the coast

In addition to the rains and winds, the state of the sea changes drastically with the passage of the cyclone. Fishermen, beachgoers, and coastal residents need to be especially vigilant in the coming days. Gusts of up to 80 km/h have the potential to cause material damage and endanger outdoor activities.

What experts observe is that the atmospheric dynamics of this autumn of 2026 are particularly aggressive. The combination of atmospheric blockages, thermal anomalies in the Atlantic, and the formation of coastal cyclonic systems creates a scenario that requires heightened attention from authorities and the population.

While the north and northeast of Brazil face abundant rains due to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, the south is experiencing the violence of the cyclone, and the Midwest is boiling under the heat bubble. The entire Brazil, each in its own way, is being tested by the weather this week.

Have you prepared for the weather changes in your region, or were you not aware of the arrival of this system?

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An extratropical cyclone forms on the southern coast of Brazil and brings gusty winds, heavy rains, and a drop in temperature from Rio Grande do Sul to Santa Catarina throughout the week.

Extratropical cyclone causes heavy rains, wind gusts, and cold front with temperature drop in several states in southern Brazil this week

How the cyclone is forming

Heavy rains, day by day, what to expect at each moment

Temperature drop and impact on the mountains

Rough seas and risks for the coast

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An extratropical cyclone forms on the southern coast of Brazil and brings gusty winds, heavy rains, and a drop in temperature from Rio Grande do Sul to Santa Catarina throughout the week.

Extratropical cyclone causes heavy rains, wind gusts, and cold front with temperature drop in several states in southern Brazil this week

How the cyclone is forming

Heavy rains, day by day, what to expect at each moment

Temperature drop and impact on the mountains

Rough seas and risks for the coast

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