Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) Data Reveal That Maranhão Is the State with the Lowest Per Capita Income in Brazil. The Reality Is Opposite in the Federal District.
The IBGE published a survey with numbers regarding nominal monthly per capita household income in the country and in the 27 federative units for the year 2023. According to the institute, on average, this value is R$ 1,893 in Brazil.
According to the IBGE, to arrive at the values, the earnings from all sources were summed, meaning the number encompasses not only what families receive from their work but also payments from rents, income, pensions, social programs, and even alimony and donations or allowances from people who do not live in the same house.
In this regard, the IBGE explains that to arrive at the numbers that will be reported shortly in this article from Click Petroleum and Gas, the income from work and these other sources of income received by the residents of each household were summed.
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The result is then divided by the number of residents in the household. In this case, the IBGE does not disclose inflation-adjusted values for comparison with previous years.
This indicator is different from the so-called Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. This is because, while per capita family income considers, as the name suggests, only the income of families, GDP per capita is calculated from the GDP value divided by the number of inhabitants in the country. That is, this amount includes, therefore, wealth generation from different sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, industry, services, government, and investments.
According to the revealed data, in Brazil, nominal monthly per capita household income is highest in the Federal District, reaching R$ 3,357. Following this federal unit are the states of São Paulo (R$ 2,492) and Rio de Janeiro (R$ 2,367).
In contrast, Maranhão recorded a per capita income of only R$ 945, a number significantly lower than that recorded in the Federal District. Other states that registered a low average were Alagoas (R$ 1,110), Acre (R$ 1,095), Pernambuco (R$ 1,113), and Bahia (R$ 1,139).
See the Full Ranking:
- Federal District: R$ 3,357;
- São Paulo: R$ 2,492;
- Rio de Janeiro: R$ 2,367;
- Rio Grande do Sul: R$ 2,304;
- Santa Catarina: R$ 2,269;
- Paraná: R$ 2,115;
- Mato Grosso do Sul: R$ 2,030;
- Goiás: R$ 2,017;
- Mato Grosso: R$ 1,991;
- Minas Gerais: R$ 1,918;
- Espírito Santo: R$ 1,915;
- Tocantins: R$ 1,581;
- Rondônia: R$ 1,527;
- Amapá: R$ 1,520;
- Roraima: R$ 1,425;
- Rio Grande do Norte: R$ 1,373;
- Piauí: R$ 1,342;
- Paraíba: R$ 1,320;
- Pará: R$ 1,282;
- Sergipe: R$ 1,218;
- Amazonas: R$ 1,172;
- Ceará: R$ 1,166;
- Bahia: R$ 1,139;
- Pernambuco: R$ 1,113;
- Alagoas: R$ 1,110;
- Acre: R$ 1,095;
- Maranhão: R$ 945.

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