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Biogas Plants Are An Alternative Energy Source And Do Not Generate As Many Socio-Environmental Impacts As Natural Gas
The use of biogas produced as a byproduct of landfills is an important link between sanitation projects and the energy sector. According to data from Siga – Energy Generation Information System, from ANEEL, there are currently 21 biogas energy generation projects from MSW – municipal solid waste, in eight states, representing 174 MW of authorized electrical energy.
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Ways To Use Biogas As An Energy Source:
There are three ways to use biogas as an energy source: the first is through direct combustion, the second is gasification, and the third is through the reproduction of natural processes. In natural processes, the action of microorganisms in an anaerobic environment will cause organic matter to decompose and thus emit biogas.
Efficient And Sustainable Projects:
A landfill project can include a solution to use biogas to generate electricity. In this case, it is possible to foresee the electrical energy generated by the same landfill operator (provided that properly authorized by ANEEL) and the sale of biogas to another energy generator. Among these two options, the commercialization of the generated energy or biogas may bring greater financial sustainability to the final waste treatment project.
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In the second possibility, biogas can be considered for energy production, mainly coming from landfills whose activities are about to be closed. One method is to transfer the maintenance rights of the landfill to a private agent, who has the right to use the generated biogas for direct generation or to sell it to a licensed agent who uses the material for generation.
Challenges Of Using Biogas:
The potential for energy generation with biogas in landfills faces obstacles such as operational difficulties, the cost of connecting the plants to the grid, and the costs associated with purchasing and maintaining equipment, mostly imported, and thus tied to the dollar, fluctuations in biogas generation, and unpredictability of energy prices.
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