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Brazil And India Officialize New Economic, Legal And Security Agreements That Should Expand Investments And Modernize Tax And Privacy Rules, In A Move That Reinforces The Approach Between The Two Countries.
The Brazilian government published on Tuesday (14) in the Official Gazette of the Union two decrees and a presidential message signed by Vice President Geraldo Alckmin, exercising the Presidency of the Republic.
The measures formalize instruments for economic and legal cooperation with India and precede the official mission led by Alckmin to the Asian country, which began on October 15.
The Brazilian delegation aims to expand bilateral trade, facilitate investments, and consolidate partnerships in sectors considered strategic.
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Meetings are scheduled with Indian authorities and sessions with representatives of the local productive sector.
Agreement On Cooperation And Investment Facilitation (ACFI)
The first decree, number 12,666, dated October 13, 2025, promulgates the Agreement On Cooperation And Investment Facilitation (ACFI) between Brazil and India.
The text was approved by the National Congress in September and is set to come into effect on December 21, 2025.
The ACFI establishes dialogue mechanisms between the two governments, defines procedures for monitoring projects, and encourages good business practices and governance.
According to the Ministry of Development, Industry, Commerce, and Services (MDIC), the agreement aims to increase legal security and reduce administrative barriers for investors from both countries.
The instrument creates permanent institutional channels to address investment-related issues and facilitate the resolution of disputes.
Update of the Double Taxation Convention
The second decree, number 12,667, also dated October 13, 2025, updates the Convention Between Brazil and India to Avoid Double Taxation and Prevent Fiscal Evasion on Income.
The document replaces the agreement signed in 1988 and sets criteria for the taxation of profits, dividends, interest, and royalties, with the goal of avoiding double taxation and preventing tax evasion practices.
According to the decree, the new protocol will come into effect on October 18, 2025.
The update of the convention is regarded as an important step for companies operating simultaneously in both countries, allowing greater predictability regarding tax collection and defining the country responsible for the main taxation of each operation.
Agreement On The Protection Of Classified Information
In addition to the two decrees, a presidential message was published regarding the Agreement on the Exchange and Mutual Protection of Classified Information.
The text establishes rules for sharing confidential information in the context of contracts, cooperation programs, and projects deemed sensitive for national security.
The agreement defines classification levels, handling norms, and mechanisms for the protection of data exchanged between the governments.
Economic Cooperation And Data Protection
India, currently the most populous country in the world, is one of Brazil’s main trading partners in Asia.
In 2024, bilateral trade surpassed US$ 16 billion, according to data from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The new set of agreements aims to strengthen the legal and operational foundations for investments and trade between the two countries.
The Agreement On Cooperation And Investment Facilitation seeks to create a favorable institutional environment for business expansion.
The updated Double Taxation Convention aims to reduce tax disputes and encourage greater flows of capital and services between Brazilian and Indian markets.
The Agreement On The Protection Of Classified Information sets equivalent security standards for handling confidential data.
These instruments are part of a bilateral agenda that also involves science, technology, defense, energy, and digital transition.
The official mission of Alckmin includes meetings with representatives of the Indian government and companies operating in sectors such as infrastructure, renewable energy, information technology, and health.
Official Mission And Implementation Timelines
Alckmin’s trip to India started on October 15, with planned institutional visits and the signing of memoranda of understanding.
The Brazilian government has prioritized the expansion of agreements with countries in the Global South, reinforcing ties with emerging economies and diversifying export markets.
The set of measures published this Tuesday enters a staggered schedule.
The Double Taxation Protocol will take effect on October 18, 2025, while the ACFI will come into force on December 21 of the same year.
The Agreement On The Protection Of Classified Information depends on additional legislative procedures for full implementation.
Honorary Award To Prime Minister Narendra Modi
On Monday (13), Alckmin also formalized the granting of the Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross to India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
The honor had been awarded by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva during Modi’s state visit to Brazil in July 2025.
The publication in the Official Gazette officially records the act.
Strategic Partnership And Next Steps
The recent measures mark another step in the strengthening of diplomatic relations between Brazil and India, which maintain partnership in the BRICS group and in forums such as the G20.
The new agreements aim to create institutional conditions to deepen bilateral cooperation, focusing on investments, taxation, and the protection of confidential data.
The progress of these instruments will be monitored by technical committees from both governments, responsible for detailing implementation procedures and monitoring results.
The Brazilian government estimates that the execution of these measures will contribute to a more predictable business environment between the two countries.
With the formalization of these agreements and the resumption of the bilateral agenda, which sectors are expected to benefit first from the new framework of cooperation between Brazil and India?
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