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The American company NuScale Power presented in 2026 a revised proposal to deploy six small modular nuclear reactors (SMR) of the VOYGR-6 model in Poland, resuming its international expansion strategy after the closure of the only confirmed project in the United States, the UAMPS in Utah, canceled in 2023 due to escalating costs.
The VOYGR-6 is a configuration that brings together six NuScale modules of 77 megawatts electric (MWe) each, totaling 462 MWe of installed capacity. Each module operates independently, allowing the plant to continue generating power even during the maintenance of one of the units — a feature that differentiates SMRs from large conventional reactors, which need to be completely shut down for maintenance.
Poland is the main European market for SMRs. The country still relies on coal for about 60% of its electricity generation and faces increasing pressure from the European Union to decarbonize its energy matrix. Offshore wind in the Baltic is under development, but the turbines will not be operational at a relevant scale before the 2030s. Nuclear, in the Polish government’s assessment, is the alternative that combines continuous generation, low carbon emissions, and availability before this window.
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The United States Department of Energy and the American Eximbank have financially supported the negotiations for the export of American nuclear technology to Poland, in a context where Washington wants to reduce the influence of Russia and China in the European nuclear sector. Poland is also negotiating with Westinghouse for a large conventional AP1000 reactor — the two technologies are not mutually exclusive.
The failure of the UAMPS project in 2023 was a significant setback for NuScale. The estimated cost per megawatt-hour rose from $89 to over $120 as the number of partners wanting to buy energy from the project decreased, lessening the dilution of fixed construction costs. The company restructured its management and adjusted its business model to focus on markets where nuclear energy faces less political resistance and where there is firm government demand.
Besides Poland, NuScale is negotiating with Romania — where a project in Doicești was announced with American support — and is evaluating opportunities in Indonesia, Canada, and post-war Ukraine. The competition includes GE Hitachi’s BWRX-300, which has more advanced projects in Canada and Poland, and Chinese and Russian SMRs, which offer competitive state financing but face political restrictions in Western markets.
The International Atomic Energy Agency records more than 80 SMR designs in different stages of development worldwide. Most have not yet achieved full commercial licensing. NuScale’s VOYGR is the only SMR design that received design approval from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in 2022 — a credential the company uses as a competitive advantage in international negotiations.
