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Technology Developed at the University of Cambridge Uses Solid Material and Can Reduce Air Conditioner Emissions by Up to 75%, Initially Focusing on Commercial Use.
The search for sustainable solutions in the air conditioning sector has reached a new chapter in the United Kingdom. Scientists at the University of Cambridge are testing an unusual type of “solid refrigerant” that can replace the harmful gases used in air conditioning systems.
The technology is developed by Barocal, a spin-off from the university focused on zero-carbon refrigeration systems.
Refrigeration Without Harmful Gases
Most air conditioning units in the world still rely on refrigerants that contribute to global warming.
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There are over 2 billion units in operation today.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) predicts that this number will exceed 5.5 billion by 2050, posing a growing threat to the environment.
To confront this scenario, Barocal has developed a new type of barocaloric material.
It is a soft, waxy solid that cools without the need for gases.
By not leaking, the material already represents an environmental advantage. Additionally, it is considered non-toxic, affordable, and efficient.
How the Barocaloric Effect Works
The principle of the technology lies in the so-called barocaloric effect. The solid substance, made of constantly rotating molecules, responds to pressure.
When this pressure is applied, molecular movement stops, and heat is released. When the pressure is released, the material rapidly cools the environment again.
It is a silent physical process, odorless, without fluid, and with significant energy advantages.
Professor Xavier Moya from the University of Cambridge leads the research.
According to Cambridge Enterprise, this type of technology can be up to three times more efficient than current systems. Being solid, the substance is also easier to recycle.
Prototype Under Development
Barocal’s innovation is in the testing phase and already has significant investors.
Among them are the European Innovation Council and Breakthrough Energy, a fund supported by Bill Gates. The first prototype is the size of a suitcase and can cool a small refrigerator.
The system uses hydraulic pressure to activate the solid refrigerant in cylinders. It consists of a pump, pressurized chamber, and heat exchangers. Although still in experimental stage, the potential is great.
Commercial Use Will Be a Priority
The company intends to launch its first products in the market within the next three years. Initially, the focus will be on commercial applications, such as schools, data centers, warehouses, and shopping malls.
The idea is to scale up to later compete in the residential market.
In addition to cooling, the technology can also be adapted for heating, further expanding its field of application.
If it achieves the expected performance, the new technology could reduce air conditioning-related emissions by up to 75%.
This represents a significant change, considering the rising demand for cooling in an increasingly warm planet.
Barocal has transformed academic research into a project with global ambitions. With the support of investors and progress in development, the company aims to be a key player in the next generation of climate solutions.
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