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5G Transmits Data at Frequencies Close to Wi-Fi, But Can These Waves Affect Our Bodies? Discover How This Technology Acts in the Environment Around Us.
As you read this article, electromagnetic waves are continuously passing through your body. From the light that illuminates the environment to the Wi-Fi signal that enables your internet connection, everything operates based on these invisible energy packets, known as photons, which travel in electromagnetic waves. This form of radiation is literally what makes the modern world function.
From signals sent by satellites in orbit to Bluetooth technology that connects your phone to your car radio, electromagnetic waves are everywhere. But even though we are constantly immersed in this type of energy, not all radiation is dangerous. This is where the confusion around 5G begins.
The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Wave Frequency
The electromagnetic spectrum is a range that spans from low-frequency radio waves to highly energetic gamma rays. All these waves travel at the speed of light but mainly differ in frequency, measured in hertz (Hz), representing the number of oscillations per second.
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For instance, visible light — which is the only part of the spectrum we can see — lies between 430 and 750 terahertz (THz), or trillions of oscillations per second. The waves used in cell phones and Wi-Fi networks, such as those of 4G, 5G, and routers, operate at much lower frequencies, ranging from hundreds of megahertz (MHz) to a few gigahertz (GHz).
The difference between these frequencies has a direct impact on the amount of energy carried by each wave. The higher the frequency, the greater the energy — and, with it, the greater the potential to cause biological harm.
Ionizing Radiation vs. Non-Ionizing Radiation
Ionizing radiation — like ultraviolet (UV) rays, X-rays, and gamma rays — has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, a process that can damage important molecules like DNA, leading to genetic mutations and the development of severe diseases.
On the other hand, non-ionizing radiation — which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, and visible light itself — does not have enough energy to cause this type of damage. This thus includes all communication technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G, and 5G.
Is 5G Dangerous?
The technology 5G currently operates at frequencies close to 3.5 GHz — precisely between the frequencies used by home Wi-Fi networks of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Compared to visible light, which has frequencies a thousand times higher, 5G waves are much less energetic.
Even though part of the population expresses concerns about the possible effects of 5G on health, no solid scientific evidence to date has linked these frequencies to the development of severe diseases. Various international organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), have stated that, within recommended levels, exposure to 5G waves poses no risk to human health.
But Doesn’t the Microwave Heat Food with Waves?
Yes, and this is an excellent example of how different frequencies affect tissues in different ways. The microwave oven heats food because it operates at a specific frequency (~2.45 GHz) that excites water molecules, causing them to vibrate and generate heat. However, this requires high powers concentrated in a closed space — which is far from the reality of everyday exposure to wireless communication networks, which use much lower powers and are dispersed in the environment.
5G Does Not Pose a Risk to Your Health
The idea that the waves used by 5G may cause severe diseases stems from a common confusion between different types of radiation. The fear is understandable — every new technology raises questions — but the scientific data available today is clear: 5G waves do not have enough energy to cause DNA damage.
This does not mean that the technology should be exempt from studies — it is essential to continue researching the possible effects of prolonged exposures, just as we do with any technological innovation. But the specific fear regarding health risks is not supported by current science.
If you are more interested in this topic and wish to deepen your knowledge, check out the reliable sources below:
- World Health Organization – FAQ on 5G and Health
- ICNIRP – International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation
- ANATEL – Information on 5G in Brazil
- National Cancer Institute – Ionizing Radiation
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